How do I know if I need orthotics?
Orthotics are used to treat foot pain or improve poor foot function. Poor foot function can appear as early fatigue in the feet and legs on standing and walking, you might also experience discomfort at the knees, hips and lower back. When the foot does not work properly, these areas can be at greater risk of injury. Pain on activity is the main indicator that you have soft tissue injury.
Visiting a Podiatrist is essential in instances of foot pain or loss of function, as they can provide an early treatment program to suit the needs of the patient and recommend use of an orthotic when greater intervention is necessary. An orthotic can provide immediate treatment when used and can help prevent re-occurrence of the problems.
What are orthotics?
Orthotics are a mechanical device that places the foot into a more functional position, where stress and load is reduced from any one part of the foot. They can improve joint function, reduce tissue stress, and allow for injuries such as plantar fasciitis to heal. Orthotics can be placed into two main groups:
Off the shelf - a type of orthotic that is pre-made with a standard level of correction for the foot. These are often made from different density foams and can provide the foot with comfort, support and improved function. The life span of an off the shelf orthotic is normally one year.
Custom made - a type of orthotic that is made specifically for you. A cast or scan is taken of your feet and measurements for what level of correction is needed are taken. A custom orthotic uses lighter and stronger materials, can comprise of greater cushioning and have specific modifications to address your foot complaints. The life span of a custom orthotic can range from 3-5 years.
Foot types Orthotics can help
Flat Foot - a foot type that is generally hypermobile through the arch and smaller joints of the middle of the foot. Most people have a flatter foot type. It is normally caused by two of the major joints in the arch of the foot sitting beside each other rather than lower and higher respectively. This means they don’t block each other’s movement, and the foot can move freely. Due to the increased movement and an inability to ‘lock’ the foot during gait, greater stress is placed on the soft tissues of the feet, this increases the risk of soft tissue injury. A flat foot will also place greater strain on the inside of the knee and the lower back due to how it can effect the position of the foot to the leg. A person with a flatter foot will also tire faster as walking is less energy efficient compared to a higher arched foot.
high-arch foot - a foot type that is uncommon, and distinguished by a large arch, high instep, and restriction in the joints in the arch. This is normally caused by the two major joints in the arch sitting closely on top of each other, this stops a majority of both joints movement. This leads to increased pressure on the heels and balls of the feet. This means that this foot type has an increased risk of tissue and bone injury through stress.